2016年4月自学考试综合英语(一)真题
第一部分选择题(共20分)
一,阅读判断(第1-10题,每题1分,共10分)
下面的短文后列出了十个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息,选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,选择C,并在"答题卡"上将相应字母涂黑.
Atwentieth-centurywoman
MaryaSkodowskawasbornonNovember7,1867,inPoland.Marya’sfatherwantedhisfivechildrentogotocollege,butthefamilywaspoor.Infact,MaryaworkedforsixyearstomakemoneysohereldersisterBronyacouldstudymedicineinParis.WhenBronyafinishedmedicalschoolin1891,23-year-oldMaryawenttoParistobeginherownstudy.
InJuly1893,Mariepassedherphysicsexamfirstinherclass.Atthistime,shemetPierrecurie,ayoungscientist.MarieandPierrefoundthattheyhadmuchincommon.Theybothbelievedthatsciencewasthemostimportantpartoftheirlives.Theydidn’tcareaboutmoneyoraboutbeingcomfortable.Theyfellinlove,andweremarriedonJuly26,1895.MarieandPierrewereveryhappy.Theydiscussedtheirworkaswellasthemostrecentscientificevents,suchasthediscoveryofXrays.Mariewasinterestedinthisresearchandbegantolookforunknownelementsthathadsuchrays.PierrestoppedhisownresearchinordertohelpMarieinherwork.Herealizedthatshewasabouttomakeanimportantdiscovery.
In1898,theydiscoveredtwonewelementsthatgaveoffXrays.Inthosedays,nooneknewthatsuchmaterialsweredangerous.Theydidnotknowthatworkingwiththesematerialscausedtheirillness,andtheykeptworking.Finally,in1902,theyprovedthatradium(镭)isreal.
OnJune25,1903,MadamebecamethefirstwomantoreceiveadoctorofsciencedegreefromtheSorbonne.Thenshereceivedanevengreateraward.In1903,MarieandPierreandHenriwereawardedtheNobelPrizeinphysics.
1MaryawenttoParistobeginherownstudywhenshefinishedmedicalschool.
A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven
2MaryachangedhernametoFrenchform,Marie,inParis.
A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven
3Maryahadquarreledwithhersisterbeforemovingoutofhersister’shome.
A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven
4Maryawashappyevenifshelivedinhardlivingconditions.
A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven
5MarieandPierrefellinlovebecausetheyhaddifferentideasaboutscienceandlife.
A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven
6Pierredidn’twanttostophisownresearchtohelpMarie.
A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven
7Pierre’sparentsdidn’tagreewithhismarriagewithMarie.
A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven
8MariealonefoundtwoelementsthatgaveoffXraysin1898.
A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven
9MarieandPierredidnotknowthedangerofthosematerialsgivingoffXrays.
A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven
10MarieandPierrewontheNobelPrizeinphysicsin1903.
A.TrueB.FalseC.Notgiven
二阅读选择(第11-15题,每题2分,共10分)
阅读下面短文,请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A,B,C,D,)中选出1个最佳选项,并在"答题卡"上将相应字母涂黑.
NationalHealthService
TheBritishNationalHealthService(NHS)wassetupin1948andwastoprovideequalbasicandfreehealthcareforeverybodyinthecountryside.Beforethistime,healthcarehadtobepaidforbyindividuals.
Nowadays,thecentralgovernmentisdirectlyresponsiblefortheNHS,althoughitismanagedbylocalhealthorganizations.About83percentofthecostofthehealthserviceispaidforbygeneraltaxationandtherestismetfromthenationalinsurancecontributionspaidbythoseinwork.Somepeoplehavetopayforprescriptionanddentalcarebutotherpeople,suchaschildren,pregnantwomen,andthoseonincomesupport,areexemptfrompayment.
AsthepeopleofBritaingetsolder,thehospitalservicenowtreatsmorepatientsthanbefore,althoughpatientsspendlesstimeinhospital.NHShospitals>manyofwhichwerebuiltinthenineteenthcentury—providenearlyhalfamillionbedsandhaveover480,000medicalstaff.TheNHSisthebiggestemployerinEurope,althoughBritainactuallyspendslessperpersononhealthcarethanmostofherEuropeanneighbors.
Duringthe1980s,thehealthserviceincreasedemphasisonmanagerialefficiencyandtheprivatization(私人化)ofsomeservices(forexample,cleaning).Attheendofthe198s,thegovernmentintroducedplansforfurtherreformoftheNHS,includingallowingsomehospitalstobeself-managing.Patientswouldbeabletochooseandchangetheirfamilydoctormoreeasily.However,thepoliticalquestionscontinueofhowmuchmoneyshouldbeprovidedtosupporttheNHSandwhereitshouldcomefrom.
11Wecanknowfromthefirstparagraphthat_____________.
A.theNHSwastoprovideequalbasichealthcareforpeopleinthecities.
B.peopleincitiesdidn’thavetopayforhealthcarebefore1948.
C.patientsincountrysidehadtopaymoneyforhealthcarebefore1948
D.theNHSwasanorganizationwhichgavefreeadvicetovillagers.
12Whatdoestheunderlinedword"exempt"probablymean?
A.sufferingB.differentC.preventedD.free
13Accordingtoparagraph2and3,whichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutHNS?
A.It’smanagedbythecentralgovernment.
B.ithiresmorepeoplethananyotherunitinEurope.
C.fewerpatientsgotoNHShospitalsthanbeforeinBritain.
D.itscostismainlypaidforbythenationalinsurancecontributions
14TheNHSreformduring1980sfocusedmoreon_______________.
A.efficiencyandself-managingB.efficiencyandprivatization
C.competitionandself-managingD.competitionandprivatization
15Accordingtothelastparagraph,thebiggestproblemfortheNHSis___________.
A.manyhospitalsaretoooldtobeused
B.someservicesareprovidedbyindividuals
C.morepatientsgotoothercountriesfortreatment
D.thereisnotenoughmoneyforfurtherreform
第二部分非选择题(共80分)
三,概括段落大意和补全句子(第16-25题,每题1分,共10分)
阅读下面短文,请完成短文后的两项测试任务:(1)从第16-20题后所给的6个选项中为第①--⑤段每段选择一个正确的小标题;(2)从第21-25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项,分别完成每个句子.在"非选择题"答题区内
Greatsoccerplayer
1Soccerisplayedbymillionsofpeopleallovertheworld,buttherehaveonlybeenafewplayerwhoweretrulygreat.Howdidtheseplayersgetgreat?Wasitthroughtrainingandpractice?Orweregreatplayersbornnottrainedtobegreat?Studiesshowthatthesegreatplayerssharesomethingincommon.
2First,theseplayerscomefromplacesthathavehadfamousstarsinthepastsothatayoungboycanlookuptoandtrytoimitate(模仿).Inthehistoryofsoccer,onlysixcountrieshaveeverwontheWorldCup—threefromSouthAmericaandthreefromWesternEurope.Therehasneverbeenagreatnationalteam>orareallygreatplayer—fromNorthAmericaorfromAsia.
3Second,theseplayershaveyearsofpracticeinthegame.AlfredodiStefanowasthesonofasoccerplayer,sowasPele.Mostplayersbeginplayingthegameattheageofthreeorfour.
4Finally,manygreatplayerscomefromthesamekindofneighborhood(聚居区)—apoor,crowdedareawhereaboy’sdreamisnottobeadoctor,lawyer,orbusinessman,buttobecomearich,famousathleteorentertainer.Forexample,Liverpool,whichproducedtheBeatles(甲壳虫乐队),hadoneofthebestEnglishsoccerteamsinrecentyears,Pelepracticedinthestreetwitha"ball"madeofrags(破布).AndGeorgebestlearnedthetricksbybouncingtheballoffawallintheslums(贫民窟)ofBelfast.
5Generally,allgreatplayershavealotincommon,butthatdoesn’texplainwhytheyaregreat.HundredsofboysplayedinthoseBrizilianstreets,butonlyonebecamePele.Thegreatestplayersarebornwithsomeuniquequalitythatsetsthemapartfromalltheothers.
Task1
A.notrichneighborhoodB.stillnoclearreasonsCraretrulygreatplayersD.averypopulargameE.longandearlierpracticeF.famousstareffect
16.Paragraph①:
17.Paragraph②:
18.paragraph③:
19.paragraph④:
20.Paragraph⑤:
Task2
21Therearemillionsofsoccerfansintheworldbutonly____________.
22SixcountriesfromSouthAmericaandWesternEuropehaveeverwon____________.
23Mostgreatsoccerplayershavestartedtheirsoccerpracticewhentheywere____________.
24Manygreatplayersgrewupin___________.
25Georgebestpracticedhissoccerskillsin______________.
AthepoorareaofBelfast
B.threeorfouryearsold
Cfromveryrichfamilies
D.poorneighborhood
E.afewtrulygreatplayers
F.theworldcup
四,填句补文(第26-30题,每题2分,共10分)
下面的短文有5处空白,短文后有6个句子,其中5个取自短文,请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌,并在"非选择题"答题区作答.
Babiesaregoodlanguagelearners
Itishardtoknowwhatbabieswant.Theycantalk,walk,orevenpointatwhattheyarethinkingabout.Yetnew-bornbabiesbegintodeveloplanguageskillslongbeforetheybeginspeaking.Andcomparedtoadults,theydeveloptheseskillsquickly.Peoplehaveahardtimelearningnewlanguagesastheygrowolder.___________26____________.
Foralongtime,scientistshavetriedtoexplainhowsuchyoungchildrencanlearnthosegrammaticalrulesandthesoundsofalanguage.___________27______________.Thismightfinallyhelpchildrenwithlearningdifficultiesaswellasadultswhowanttolearnanewlanguage.______________28_____________.
Mostbabiesgo"googoo"and"mama"bythetimetheyaresixmonthsold.____________29___________.Fordecades,scientistshavewonderedhowbrainsofyoungchildrenfigureouthowtocommunicatebyusinglanguage.Withhelpfromnewtechnologiesandresearchstrategies,scientistsarenowfindingthatbabiesbeginlifewiththeabilitytolearnanylanguage.Theycomeintocontactwithotherpeople,listentowhattheysayandwatchtheirmovementsveryclosely.___________30____________.Studiesshowthat,uptosixmonths,babiescanrecognizeallthesoundsthatmakeupallthelanguagesintheworld.
A.Itmightalsohelpscientiststodesigncomputesthatcancommunicateaspeopledo.
B.Thatiswhytheyquicklymasterthelanguagestheyhearmostoften.
C.But,babieshavetheabilitytolearnanylanguageeasily.
D.Mostchildrenspeakinfullsentencesbytheageofthree.
E.Adultssufferalotfromtheirworkandhousework.
F.Now,researchersunderstandbetteraboutthelearningofgrammaticalrulesandthesounds.
五,填词补文(第31—40题,每题1.5分,共15分)
下面的短文有10出空白,短文后列出12个词,其中10个取自短文,请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌,并在"非选择题"答题区内作答.
Stopsmoking
IbegantosmokewhenIwasinhighschool.Infact,IremembertheeveningIwasatagirlfriend’shouse,andwewere___31____amovie.Theactorsinthemoviesmokedalot.Myfriendfoundtwocigarettesfromhermother’spurse,andshegaveontome.Itwasmyfirsttime.
Myparentsdidn’tcareittoomuchbecausetheyboth___32_____,andmyolderbrotherdidtoo.Mymothertoldmethatsmokersdon’tgrowtall,butIwasalready____33___thanmostoftheboysinmyclass,soIwashappytohearthat"fact".The____34___inschooltalkedagainstsmoking,butthecigaretteadvertisementsweresoexciting.
Ireadabook___35___howtostopsmoking.Thewriterthoughtthatsmoking___36____time,andthatcigarettescostalotofmoney.Tenyearslater,everyonebegantohearaboutthe___37___effectsofcigarettesmoke:lungdisease,cancer,andheartproblems.Afterthat,therewasahealth____38__oneverypackofcigarettes.Ididn’tpaymuch___39___tothereportsandwarnings.Ifelthealthy,andIthoughtIwastakinggoodcareofmyself.
Thentwoeventschangedmymind.First,Istartedtocough.IthoughtItwasjustacold,butitdidn’tgetbetter.Second,mybrothergotlungcancer.Hegotsickerandsicker.Isatwithhiminhishospitalroom,andIdecidedto____40____.However,itwasveryhardtodoso.
A.quitE.teachersI.bad
B.awareF.attentionJ.taller
C.watchingG.wastesK.warning
D.namedH.differentL.smoked
六,完形补文(第41—50题,每题1.5分,共15分)
下面的短文有10处空白,每处空白处的括号内有一个词,请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中,以恢复文章原貌,并在"非选择题"答题区内作答.
Music
The___41___(important)ofmusicinourlivescannotbedefinedwithwords.Itistheairwebreatheandthethoughtswethink.Itisthemelodiesthatbeattothetuneofourhearts.Itisthe____42____(universe)languagethatwecanallunderstandandrelateto,evenwhenourpersonaldefinitionsvary.Musicisavery____43___(value)toothroughouttheworld.
Musicisthevoicewelongforwhenwecan’tfind___44___(word)tospeak.Manypeoplewillagreethattherearesongsthatwere____45___(write)justforthem.Songscansometimessaythings___46____(good)thanwecouldhavesaidthem.Theycanexpressouremotionsthoughwedidn’t___47____(real)knowwefeltthatway.Musiccanputthingsintoperspective.
Therearealotoftopicstobe____48___(discuss)whenitcomestomusic.Ifyouare___49___(talk)aboutmusic,deadsilenceisn’tanoption.___50____(play)musicinthebackgroundatpartieswillhelpcalmyourguests.Musicsetsthemoodandmakesthinghappier.
七,短文写作(第51题,30分)
请根据要求撰写一篇120词左右的英语短文.将短文写在"非选择题"答题区内.
Writeaninvitationlettertoyourfriendforyourbirthdaypartybasedonthefollowinginformationinabout120words.Yourname:jackYourfriend’sname:tomTime:6:30p.m.>8:30p.m.,march20thPlace:yourhomeActivities:sing,dance,playchess,etc.
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